An Examination Of The Effect Of Benazir Bhutto Politics Essay

An Examination Of The Effect Of Benazir Bhutto Politics Essay Enlightenment of Southeast Asia. Southeast Asian countries have recently sparked conflict with Western nations due to their traditional law codes and unethical treatment towards citizens. In the west, countries value freedom and unalienable rights, while in Southeast Asian countries, such as Pakistan, the leaders generally rule according to their strict religious law codes. Ever since Pakistan separated from India in 1947, its people have suffered under tyrannical and extremist leaders. As devout Muslims, the majority of Pakistani people are forced to follow Islamic traditional laws, such as purdah, which take away from their unalienable rights. Women and children are especially negatively affected by these traditional law codes, and until recently no Pakistani leader had tried to reform the Pakistani government. Benazir Bhutto was the daughter of renowned politician, and she sought to reform Pakistans government in order to improve the lives of her citizens. She was elected twice as Prime Minister of Pakistan, and she served for a total of four years as Pakistans leader (Wynbrandt, James). Although failing to achieve most of her goals as Prime Minister, Benazir Bhutto sought to bring western ideas to southwest Asia by restoring human rights and guiding the Pakistani government towards democracy. Although Bhuttos intentions as Prime Minister were ethical and fair, she was unable to effectively implement her target plans due to her short time in office. Bhutto had chosen a near impossible task by trying to reform Pakistan because many rivaling politicians and citizens were afraid of change. In order to avoid change and remove Bhutto from office, Bhuttos rival politicians accused her of many fallacious crimes. Bhutto spent her whole life working hard and trying to follow in the footsteps of her father, and in 1988 Bhutto had finally won the elections for Prime Minister. As the first woman Prime Minister of Pakistan, she spoke out her plans to steer the country towards western ideals. Twenty months later, Bhuttos rival politician named President Ghulam Ishaq Khan, who was now backed by the Pakistani military, did not want these types of changes for Pakistan. In result, Khan accused Bhutto of abuse of power, nepotism, and economic mismanagement, and Bhutto was kicked from office (Wynbrandt, James). In her first term as Prime Minister she had promised her people many changes, but due to her short time in office she could not follow through with the promises. Bhutto was viewed as a bad Muslim by her fellow politicians and she was banned from politics for the next two years. Despite this, she won the elections of 1993 and she once again tried to implement her ambitious ideas. During her second term in office, she again voiced out many of her western driven ideals. These included striving for democracy and improving human rights; but two major problems faced Bhutto in her second term. First, Bhuttos brother had turned on her and a few months later he had been assassinated. Bhutto claimed that her political enemies had arranged for the shooting so they could blame her, but those who were opposed to Bhutto claimed she and her husband were behind the killing. Second, Bhutto and her husband were accused of embezzling millions of dollars from the Pakistani governmen t. Although Bhutto was not proven guilty for either of these charges, she was booted from office once again for corruption (Wynbrandt, James). She had failed for the second time to effectively implant her promises for the Pakistani citizens. After Bhuttos two failed attempts at bringing democracy to Pakistan, she left the country and resided in England. The people of Pakistan again were forced to live under an extremist leader. Not only had Bhutto failed to complete her short term goals, but today in Pakistan there is conflict which dates back to her terms in office. Her political party, the Pakistans People Party, still exists in Pakistan and it is a strong supporter of democracy. Taliban is a terrorist organization in Pakistan that extreme dislikes democracy, so great conflict has arisen between these two extremely contradicting ideologies. Pakistan is still considered a politically unstable nation mainly due to the Taliban conflict, which can be partly blamed on Bhutto for introd ucing democracy (Groff, Claire Price). Bhutto failed two times to implement her goals as Prime Minister and she introduced a conflict which still goes on today, but her intentions are what made her a heroine. Benazir Bhutto sought to restore and protect human rights for the Pakistani people, which would serve as a huge step in modernizing Pakistan. During her time as Prime Minister, Bhutto stressed the point that she wanted to eliminate human rights violations against Pakistani citizens and improve their quality of life. Before she was Prime Minister, women in Pakistan possessed miniscule rights. They were not allowed to go to school, they had to cover they faces with clothes, and they were generally not allowed to be seen in public. This forced women in Pakistan to live very boring and meaningless lives. As a member of the Pakistans People Party, Bhutto revised her policies in order to give more rights to women. Her policy on women rights stated, The PPP Parliamentarians pledges to promote universal female literacy and protection of the child to honor our women and our future generations (Benazirbhutto.org). Bhutto pledged to give women the rights to literacy and protection. As a woman, Bhutto had experienced the awful crimes done against women and their restrictions in the Pakistani society. She sought to eradicate the traditional Pakistani laws which prevented women from possessing unalienable rights. This would serve as a huge step for Pakistan considering modern countries of the world today value women and men equally. Another major problem that was present prior to Bhuttos reign was the discrimination of minorities. Since Pakistan is full of devout Muslims, followers of other religions were outlawed. Bhuttos policy for human rights stated, The PPP Parliamentarians pledges to protect the minorities. It pledges to protect the weak from the strong. It pledges to undo laws that are discriminatory against minorities. It calls upon the people of Pakistan to give it a constitutional majority to build a society where the weak and underprivileged are freed from archaic state laws (The Independent, London). Bhutto sought to do everything necessary in order to give all c itizens of Pakistan equal rights and eliminate ethnic discrimination in her country. Even though racism is hard to eliminate completely in any nation, by recognizing it and speaking out against it Bhutto was improving the human rights of her nation. Another action taken by Bhutto to improve human rights of her nation was lifting the restrictions against the press. Prior to her reign, Pakistani citizens did not have the freedom of press, which made it hard for them to trust the media. Under the extremist leaders, the government manipulated the news and they only allowed certain books and newspapers to be published (Kuhlman, Erica Ann). Lifting the ban on freedom of press significantly modernized Pakistan because now people could freely voice their opinions and truly believe the media. Also, the material which people read was no longer manipulated by the government so people learned the truth about their own country and the whole world. By developing the human rights of the Pakistani people, Bhutto was introducing her people to western ideals and improving there lives. In an attempt to modernize the government of Pakistan, Bhutto tried to guide her country towards democracy. During the end of her second term in office, Bhutto was interviewed about her plans on the future of her political career. She responded, There are other issues like lifting the military imposed ban on a twice elected prime minister contesting election for a third time for  Prime Minister, appointment of Governors, members of the Judiciary and Election Commission. The Charter of Democracy spells out the changes needed (Benazirbhutto.org). She not only wanted to become the Prime Minister for a third semester, but she also strove to change the political system in order to make it similar to a democracy. By appointing governors, Bhutto would promote local governments to rule under the umbrella of the national government. The U.S. has a similar government in which state-run governments run the states while the national government rules over the whole nation. Bhutto would also bet ter the Judiciary branch of Pakistans government by appointing more Judiciary members. She also would promote democracy by appointing more people to the election commission. With a stable election commission, the elections for president would not be manipulated and the winner of the election would truly be chosen by the people. Another point that Bhutto stressed in her policies was improving the law code in Pakistan (Benazirbhutto.org). Throughout the many years of oppressive rule, thousands of men and women were jailed without the chance to a fair trial. In order to prevent this from occurring in the future, Bhutto set up a new court system in which all men and women accused of breaking the law would be able to have a fair trial. She also freed hundreds of people that had been jailed without trial to exhibit her devotion to freedom and democracy. Bhutto knew that implanting democracy in a nation that possessed anti-democratic people would be tough task. One of her rivals, the Talib an, was a Muslim extremist group that possessed ideals opposite of democracy. She states in her peace policy, An earlier military dictator used Afghanistan s critical importance to the world community to perpetuate his own dictatorship. Now another military dictator [the Taliban] is attempting to use Afghanistan to perpetuate itself at the cost of the fundamental and human rights, including economic rights, of the people of the Federation. The Taliban supported extremist rulers, oppressive rule, and Muslim law code. In order to fully implement her democratic goals, Bhutto condemned the Taliban and all of its followers from Pakistan (Benazirbhutto.org). By doing this, she would ensure political stability and convince more people to become supporters of democracy. Sadly, Bhutto never completed her goals due to her assassination in 2008, but her attempts to democratize Pakistans governments exhibited her passion to enhance Pakistan as a country. Benazir Bhutto sought to transform Pakistan from a traditional Islamic country into a westernized nation. She wanted to improve the human rights of her nation and democratize her countrys government, but due to her little time in office she was unable to effectively implement either of these goals. Although Bhutto never truly achieved all of her goals, her attempts served as an initial step for Pakistan towards the ideal direction. Her party, the Pakistans People Party, is still a forerunner in Pakistani politics. Her party has carried on her ideas and hopefully in the future, with the help of Western powers, Pakistan will become a democratic nation that supports human rights. Benazir Bhutto will always be remembered as a heroine that attempted to bring human rights and democracy to Pakistan so she could improve the lives of her citizens. Works Cited Page A Conversation With Benazir Bhutto. Council on Foreign Relations. 15 Aug. 2007. Web. 11 Apr. 2010. . BBC NEWS | South Asia | Obituary: Benazir Bhutto. BBC NEWS | News Front Page. BBC News, 27 Dec. 2007. Web. 11 Apr. 2010. Benazir Bhutto Biography Academy of Achievement. Academy of Achievement. Academy of Achievement, 4 Jan. 2008. Web. 11 Apr. 2010. Benazirbhutto.org The Official Website of PPP Chairperson Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto. Pakistan Peoples Party. 2007. Web. 15 Mar. 2010. Bhutto, Benazir (1953 ). A Dictionary of Contemporary History 1945 to the present. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1999. Credo Reference. Web. Boston Public Library Electronic Library. 15 March 2010. Bhuttos Mixed Legacy For Womens Rights CBS News. Breaking News Headlines: Business, Entertainment World News CBS News. CBS, 3 Jan. 2008. Web. 16 Mar. 2010. Burns, John. Benazir Bhutto, 54, Who Weathered Pakistans Political Storm for 3 Decades, Dies. New York Times 28 December 2007. Groff, Claire Price. Bhutto, Benazir. Twentieth-Century Women Political Leaders, Global Profiles. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 1998. (Updated 2008) Modern World History Online. Facts On File, Inc. Web. HHS Media Center, Hingham MA. March  15,  2010. Kuhlman, Erica Ann. Benazir Bhutto, political career of. A to Z of Women in World History, A to Z of Women. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2002. (Updated 2008.) Modern World History Online. Facts On File, Inc. Web. HHS Media Center, Hingham MA. March  15,  2010.   The Independent, London. Asif Ali Zardari: My Benazirs Hopes for Democracy Can Live On If Musharraf Stands down. Pakistan Peoples Party. 6 Jan. 2008. Web. 11 Apr. 2010. . The Sad, Stormy Life Of Benazir Bhutto CBS News. Breaking News Headlines: Business, Entertainment World News CBS News. 27 Dec. 2007. Web. 15 Mar. 2010. Wynbrandt, James. Return of civilian rule in Pakistan. A Brief History of Pakistan, Brief History. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2009. Modern World History Online, Facts On File, Inc. Web. HHS Media Center, Hingham MA. March  15,  2010.

Lessons In Life Essay

When comparing â€Å"Mother To Son† with â€Å"Mending Wall† the message given is that with hard work, either manual or emotional life gives rewards. In â€Å"Mother To Son† the mother wants to pass her knowledge of life to him, that nothing is free and with hard work you will receive the feeling of accomplishments. The mother speaks of her hardships in life, but even with those she has always had hope. Even during the darkest times in her life she never gave up. What greater gift can a mother pass on to her child? The gifts than come from the heart are the greatest. She is trying to let him know that even though she has been climbing all her life she will not give up. Even though the story of â€Å"Mending Wall† focusing on the hard labor that comes once a year to neighbors repairing a common wall between their properties they also share good times together. â€Å"Good fences make good neighbor’s†. (page 1881) The neighbor’s speak of hunter’s that have passed during the year. Their walk of the wall gives each neighbor a time to share and reflect on the past years events’ with each other. Both stories differ in their style, â€Å"Mother To Son† gives a hidden approach to life. She is trying to give him subtle hits of what the road of life offers. â€Å"Mending Wall† gives a direct approach, it’s a conversation between neighbors that happens once a year, once it happens they go back to the way they were. Langston Hughes was born in Joplin, Missouri, James Langston Hughes was a member of an abolitionist family. His first published poem was also one of his most famous, â€Å"The Negro Speaks of Rivers†, and it appeared in Brownie’s Book. Later, his poems, short plays, essays and short stories appeared in the NAACP publication Crisis Magazine and in Opportunity Magazine and other  publications.( http://www.redhotjazz.com/hughes.html) Robert Lee Frost was one of America’s leading 20th-century poets and a four-time winner of the Pulitzer Prize. An essentially pastoral poet often associated with rural New England, Frost wrote poems whose philosophical dimensions transcend any region. Although his verse forms are traditional–he often said, in a dig at archrival Carl Sandburg, that he would as soon play tennis without a net as write free verse–he was a pioneer in the interplay of rhythm and meter and in the poetic use of the vocabulary and inflections of everyday speech. His poetry is thus both traditional and experimental, regional and universal. (http://www.robertfrost.org/indexgood.html) Works Cited Baym, Nina. â€Å"The Norton Anthology of American Literature.† 2003 http://www.redhotjazz.com/hughes.html http://www.robertfrost.org/indexgood.html

columbian exchange - 817 Words

The Columbian Exchange The Columbian exchange created an enormous interchange of various political ideas, cultures, foods, diseases, animals, and people between the old world and the new world, this give and take relationship caused many changes some positive and some negative between the two areas and help redistribute resources between the two hemispheres. There were many positive things that happened as a result of the Columbian exchange. Potatoes and corn became major food sources for Europeans allowing populations to increase and allowed more settlers an explorers to arrive. The introduction of pigs, cows, and horses gave new food sources and new animals for the Native Americans to use. Also many Native Americans taught the†¦show more content†¦Mercantilism is the focus of draining other countries for its resources and exporting more than you import while gaining as much wealth that is possible by taking the assets from their colonies. So Great Britain believed the more money they had the more power they could achieve. Great Britain used the ideology of mercantilism on the colonies and they were used to export raw materials, such as wood, crops, and furs. Great Britain were able to make goods out of the raw materials that the colonies had exported, once Great Britain was done making the finished goods they would sell it bac k to the colonies and other countries. Many merchants from Europe gained charters which is a license to do business in the American colonies, this caused an enormous growth in population and merchants became very wealthy. The effect mercantilism had on the natives was not good, because many of the remaining natives became slaves. However the Indians kept dying from the diseases that Europeans brought over, which they were not immune to, and they also would escape because they knew the land very well, so the Europeans needed a new labor group to gather the raw materials and harvest crops for them. The work force the British were looking for had to be cheap, because the merchants wanted to make as much as money as possible, this led to the growth of the African slaveShow MoreRelatedAlfred W. Crosbys Article The Columbian Voyages, The Columbian Exchange, and Their Historians769 Words   |  4 Pages In his article â€Å"The Columbian Voyages, the Columbian Exchange, and Their Historians†, Alfred W. Crosby seems to think that much of the Columbian voyages and what came out of them was detrimental to many cultures, most of all the Native Americans. Crosby brings up many institutions and ideologies to re-enforce his opinion, such as the slave trade and the conquest of many Native American cultures. 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When Europeans first touched the shores of the Americas, Old World crops such as wheat, barley, rice, and turnips had not traveled west across the AtlanticRead MoreIndians And The Columbian Exchange1487 Words   |  6 Pages The Columbian Exchange is a huge exchange of goods and ideas between the old world and the new world. The old world is considered Europe, Asia and Africa and the new world is considered America. Their colonies started to trade with each other and that’s when they formed the Columbian Exchange. Many countries were involved in this trade, including China, Africa and Italy. The exchange of the new ideas, traditions, food, religion and diet changed cultures everywhere. The Natives gave and receivedRead MoreThe Columbian Exchange Statistics782 Words   |  4 PagesThe Columbian Exchange Statistics By the Numbers Estimated population of Europe in 1492: about 60 million Estimated population of the Americas in 1492: 40-100 million Estimated population of Europe in 1800: 150 million Estimated population of the Americas in 1800: 25 million (the vast majority of whom were of European or African descent) Major domesticated animals in the New World in 1492: dog, llama Major domesticated animals in the Old World in 1492: horse, cow, pig, sheep, goat, chickenRead MoreImpact Of The Columbian Exchange909 Words   |  4 PagesThe Columbian Exchange was an event that was very impactful on modern day. The Columbian Exchange was the widespread trade of plants, animals, guns, and diseases. It occured between the Americas, Africa, and Europe. Examples of products that the Americas contributed are turkey, squash, and potatoes. Examples of products that Europe contributed are horses, sugar, and smallpox. Columbian exchange was a huge impact on our modern day world because it changed war and hunting, it introduced new ingredientsRead MoreEssay On The Columbian Exchange816 Words   |  4 PagesThe Columbian Exchange The discovery of the New world or America in the year 1492, and The Columbian Exchange it played a significant role on bring resources to various parts of the world. It brought the exchange of various resources like plants, animals, and diseases across the world. The year was 1492 is when Christopher set sail and put in motion The Columbian Exchange or also known as The Great Exchange. The Columbian Exchange affected the geographic location with the trading routes withRead MoreImpact Of The Columbian Exchange970 Words   |  4 PagesCrosby used the term â€Å"Columbian Exchange† for this significant event. 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Trump and the Rise to His Three Technology Strategies - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2810 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/04/05 Category Politics Essay Level High school Tags: Donald Trump Essay Did you like this example? Introduction This research project will show how Twitter, and the rise of technology shaped the past political election of 2016 more than any other campaign tactic to date. The purpose of the study is to show how Donald Trump succeeded in the 2016 campaign, and the study will show the three ways he did it. Although the theories in this research project cannot directly claim how Donald Trumps presidency was won, it will develop an argument through a variety of research and discussions. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Trump and the Rise to His Three Technology Strategies" essay for you Create order Donald Trump used three methods and campaign strategies that will be shown from my research about how he shaped the way we view politics for the future. Many people can argue the different variations in technology had led to successful campaigns in the past. This essay will go into detail of Donald Trump using technology and Twitter to his full advantage, which shaped politics more drastically than any other campaign style. These tactics and campaign styles were diverse and unheard of for political figures to have presented this format. The three ways that Trump dominated technology and the 2016 campaign are 1) Trump used Twitter to preempt attacks fake news.2) Trump used Twitter as a free publicity/marketing tool. 3) Trump used twitter as a form of humor and ridicule to divert the public from other issues. In this research paper, there will be four parts I go into Introduction, literature review (what are scholars saying), critical analysis and the conclusion. Literature Review/Theory The first stop to Trumps campaign was revolved around whether or not he was going to win his party nomination. This usually involves numerous fund-raising events and surfacing accomplishments. This can result from donors in that parties. Arguably Trump did have a substantial amount of money from his own personal wealth. This included Trump putting in around sixty-six million into his campaign fund. The social media debate was rising even with this campaign fund Trump had to use traditional campaign funding. An argument was made that Barack Obamas establishment of social media use during his campaign was the scheme for Trumps vision in his election. Trumps use of Twitter wasnt necessary to establish his message but to lure journalists in order to gain exposure to his campaign. The news outlets broadcasted this message to the masses and audiences retaining this information to their personal opinions and beliefs. This form of messaging allows users to re-share and like tweets which are brief messages to their audience or friend base. This can be argued that Hillary had put in more money toward thirty-second television ads although the difference being the amount of money and audience base for these two different forms of exposure. Going into what Twitter is and how it evolved into a campaign tactic for politicians can help establish one of these tactics. Twitter is a social media site and app that connects followers and uses similar interests to share different platforms. The use of social media has drastically influenced the publics interest and opinions in the past decade. When Twitter emerged in 2006, it wasnt particular on how it would be used. In the 2008 election many people saw an increase in political viewpoints being broadcasted by a form of social media outlook that Twitter began to form. Twitter claimed that theyre around 330 million monthly users and rising, giving people a way to express viewpoints and beliefs to the followers, George, Lakeoff (2017) analyzed Trumps tweets and developed an argument that Trump was ahead of the framing from other politicians. Lakeoff established that Trump had used this strategy on his twitter to preempt his attacks and lessen the consequences of the attack ads or c laims. Trump worded this in a way that framed his attacker as a bully. Zito (2016) states that Trump is the first political figure to successfully punch the bully in the face even before the attack happens. Donald Trump throughout his campaign believed that good or bad advertisement was a success. The majority of the population, for the most part, thought this tactic was crazy and would never work. Silver (2016) states, that had youd told me a year ago that Trump would be the nominee, I would have thought you were nuts. Even prior to the general election there were very few political scientists who predicted a victory for Trump. This led to a substantial amount of free press through his social media tactics. A variety of political media sites developed theories to how Trump won. Many of these revolved around how free media including Twitter was the cause of this billion dollar Free media campaign. Stewart (2016) states, Donald Trump rode $5 billion in free media to the White House. Backing research up even Donald Trumps digital media director, Brad Parscale claimed Twitter was one of the reasons they won the election. Trump used this free press tactic to say volatile comments to draw in journalists and generate free publicity no matter the positive or negative message. According to West (2014), social media has the leverage hand of eliminating the demanding costs that come with thirty-second ads on television sites that the traditional campaign usually follows. This free press through social media wasnt just successful solely from Trumps message used on these platforms. If Trumps opponents had used and taken advantage of social media to the same extent, many could argue that social media and free advertisement wasnt one of three main focuses on him winning the 2016 election. Many studies were developed during and after the 2016 election to see where Trump capitalized on the election. Research from the Harvard Kennedy schools showed that Trump received a substantial amount of media press which was argued around his Twitter usage and the analytics to his Twitter percentages (Patterson, 2016). Hillary Clinton put in more campaign dollars for 30-second television ads and campaign dollars for the 2016 election. The third way Trump succeeded in the 2016 election was Trump used his tweets and social media posts as a form of ridicule. This developed a form of an attack ad that politicians werent used to and the main lens he used to do this was against Hillary and to divert the publics eye from a variety of scandals that came up in the 2016 election. When looking at a traditional campaign, one can see a variety of forms of attack ads being utilized. Hillary was a great example of this as she used a substantial amount of campaign funds to force Trump into the defense stage of the campaign. Although Trump did use attack ads, he focused around framing Hillary in a negative light through his unorthodox tweets and avoiding the subjects of his ridicule. Twitter helped Trump say what he wanted to say no matter the language with few consequences. Trump used Tweets to make fun of common views of woman and attacking female critics as using the woman card.(Cook, 2015) states Trump used this specifically i n 2015 when Hillary accused him as being sexist in a tweet sent late December and this used a form of humor to diverge the subject of Trump being sexist. Trump used this approach in minimalizing what he said or did and even used a form of pornification by labeling Hillary as unattractive and not having the ability to attract voters. (Trump,2015) stated on December 26, 2015, that he would do far more for a woman than Hillary, projecting that she lacks the strength and stamina to do so. In 2016, a variety of media was going around of a tape of Donald Trump verbally admitting to sexually harassing a variety of woman. (Burns Corasaniti, 2016) stated that Trumps tweets showed that those alleging assault werent good looking enough to draw his sexual attention. This form can be seen also as offensive but, Trump used this format to shape humor and distract the public eye to the accusations and situations he was brought to. Many scholars can argue with the number of scandals and issues Trump was in that no other candidate could have succeeded through any of these situations. Critical Analysis During the campaign, Trump used social media to establish his mark of fake news, which was a tactic to use against Hillarys strategy of demonizing Trump in the three stages of the campaign. This development forced Hillary to fight back on social media leaning her out of the traditional campaign style she established. An argument could possibly have been made if Hillary used social media throughout her campaign to develop her strategy although she did not. According to (Willaims Delli Caprini, 2011), Trump embodies the inversion of the modern-era distinction between politics and entertainment. Most political journalists will argue that media has veered into a variety of technological changes throughout the past campaigns. Many though will argue that the 2016 election was by far and away swallowed by the Twitter impact and social media. This form of media access was thought to worry some of the viewers being filter bubbles which gave bias and can influence ones thoughts and beliefs. R ecent evidence showed that 62 percent of adults residing in the United States use social media (Gottfried and Shearer 2016). Which lead to the rise of the free advertisement theory when Trump had no financial decline by tweeting however many times he wants. Fake news establishes itself as a cheap and unique concept. This developed a hard argument against Trumps statements to lessen a response from media platforms. Fake news can be associated with a click bait format, a lot of which is used for advertisement regardless of the truth or not. For , Paul Horner produced a pro Trump story for profit, although he publicly claimed he opposed Trump (Dewey, 2016). Many political scientists developed studies to see which side of the political spectrum were more susceptible to believing fake news. Can this be argued that this is a new form of selective exposure? We know that selective exposure has been used in past elections and campaigns. The campaign didnt just involve Hillary, it was all political opponents that Trump faced that were used in the political advertisement of social media. If we look at the statistics of Social media use in general, we wonder why 2016 was arguably the first election to be shaped from these forms of advertisement. (Gottfried, Jeffrey, Elisa Shearer. 2016) with pew research stated, one-quarter of online adults use Twitter. This can show development throughout the campaign. Trumps tweets were consumed and were not always fact checked depending on the rhetoric used. This all ultimately worked but developed into my research argument on how this will shape politics in the future. Chinas government has added to their specific control on media content and how politicians or media broadcast these messages. Trumps campaign didnt just specifically use Twitter; he also widely used YouTube and Facebook. The horse race situation American politics gave this path a way for Trump to compete and press hi s agenda through social media to the fullest. This information alone cannot completely guarantee that Twitter was the reason for a successful campaign. Trumps political message (Make America Great again) and unusual rhetoric couldnt have been broadcasted by traditional media. This led to his platform of social media and the construction of his message to gain headlines. In hindsight, this was a way that led to him sneaking through the lines of a gatekeeper. Going back to the argument one could make that Barack Obama made an impact through media in his campaign. This can be proven but it does not show the effect on how it changed or shaped politics in anyway. This led to Trump relying on traditional media bases to broadcast these messages to the public through free press. This has led to Twitter becoming a mainstream source of media and will shape elections in the future to come. Going into media coverage that Trump was involved in is so broad and vast in comparison to other candidates. Twitter and social media can be known to develop impulsive behavior which can easily persuade feelings toward political campaigns and the framing involved in these. Trump even intertwined the four stereotypes to Hillary Clinton in his social media framing. Trump focuses on Hillary as an Iron Maiden in majority of his tweets. Trump throughout his campaign has been involved in a variety of scandals. Hillary ultimately goes on about these scandals through Twitter. Trump used his unusual rhetoric to go into the Benghazi scandal and ultimately used Twitter to succeed and bringing this scandal to the limelight and force her fake news out. This was never dependent on what the facts were in these situations it was how they were portrayed to the public and how they perceived them and this can be a result of quantity advantage of males gaining more media coverage. Though one can argue t hat Donald Trump said things that people wanted to hear but not necessarily want to say publicly. While Trump repetitively frames Hillary as crooked through tweets using the traditional aspect of personal characteristics on female candidates such as physical features, family and fashion. Trump has used a lot of traditional campaign styles along with adding his twist into the media tactics. This was even used in a lot of campaign strategies for Trump but how his words were portrayed that the audiences had never seen before in the past. Social media is hard to address these accusations or even rumored scandals. Research throughout history shows that generations not accustomed to social media have been more likely to believe the information given no matter what the source. These generations were used to traditional media forms that were more accurate in the information given to the public. Trump tends to use simple denial in all his accusations through Hillary that led to his fan base to believe his comments through social media and his far right agenda. Conclusion In conclusion to my essay, I will discuss my findings through what scholars stated and research that was done on the three ways Trump used Twitter and technology to shape politics. In my research, there was an extraordinary amount of evidence shows that Trump defied the odds. There are a variety of explanations provided between the three main tactics used. 1) Trump used Twitter to preempt attacks fake news.2) Trump used Twitter as a free marketing tool. 3) Trump used twitter as a form of humor and ridicule to divert the public from other issues. The purpose of these articles was to provide and examine information and research shown to develop a theory to how Donald Trump succeeded and the path that led to his presidency. The results from my findings show clear evidence that Trump developed more free media exposure than Hillary Clinton along with preempting attacks and used humor to diverge from issues on his campaign. One can conclude from these findings that this shaped the 2016 election and will in some way aspects the next presidential election in the way one uses or defends their campaign through social media. These three ways Trump used Twitter and social media might be seen again in years to come. Work cited Cook, R. (2015, December 24). 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